1. Imiqondo eyisisekelo nemigomo ye-Triodes
I-Transistor, njengelungu eliyisihluthulelo lomndeni wakwaTranstoror, lidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu emibuthanweni ye-elekthronikhi.Inezingxenye ezintathu eziyisisekelo: isisekelo, i-emitter kanye nomqoqi.Lapha, sigxile kakhulu kuma-NPN transistors.Izici eziyinhloko ze-NPN transtoror zingachazwa yi-Circuit efanayo, lapho ukuxhumana phakathi kwesisekelo kanye ne-emitter kulingana ne-dide, kanye nokuxhumana phakathi komqoqi kanye nomqoqi.Ukumelana kwalomphikisi wahlukahluka kuyehluka, kusuka kuma-ohms ambalwa kuya infinity (evulekile yesifunda).
Ngaphambi kokuxoxa ngokujulile, kufanele sicacise ukulingana kwesimo se-NPN transistor: IC = βB.Kulesi sibalo, i-IB imele okwamanje kusuka esisekelweni kuya kwi-emitter, i-IC ingamanje kusuka kumqokeleli kuya kwi-emitter, futhi β yinto yokukhuthazela ye-tride.Lokhu okuningi kunqunywe njalo ngokususelwa kwinqubo yokukhiqiza, futhi inani layo livame phakathi kwamashumi namakhulu.Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-Tride ifinyelela lo mphumela we-amplification ngokulungisa ukumelana okulinganayo (RCE) phakathi komqoqi kanye ne-Emitter.Lapho i-RCE ilungiswa ngenani eliphansi kakhulu kodwa namanje ayikwazi ukufeza i-IC = βB, siyibiza ngokuthi "ukugcwala" isimo;Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho i-RCE ilungiswa ngenani eliphakeme kakhulu kepha namanje ayikwazi ukufeza i-IC = βB, ibizwa ngokuthi yi- "Cut-off" State.Ngokufanelekile, i-transistor kufanele isebenze esifundeni se-amplification, okungukuthi, isimo se-IC = βB.
2. Ukwakhiwa Nokuhlaziywa kwe-NPN Transtoror Consure Source Circuit
Ekwakhiweni kwe-elekthronikhi, ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo yamanje eqhubekayo kubalulekile.Ukuthatha umjikelezo we-capacitor casacitor ojwayelekile njengesibonelo, ukukhishwa kwe-IC e-IC = UC / R, lapho i-UC imele i-voltage ye-capacitor.Njengoba i-capacitor voltage inciphisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukukhishwa kwendabuko akusiyo njalo.Kodwa-ke, ngokusebenzisa ama-NPN transistors, singakha umjikelezo oqhubekayo ongamanje.
Ekwakhiweni okuwukujikelezo okunjalo, ukukhishwa kwe-capacitor kuzimele ngogesi wayo.Isibonelo, kucatshangelwa ukuthi inani lesekethe lomjikelezo lingu-4.3V (libalwa njenge-5V minus 0.7v), khona-ke singathola ukuthi i-IC (umqoqi wamanje) icishe ilingane ne-IE (i-Emitter yamanje), ibalwa ihlukaniswe nguRe (umphikisi we-emitter).Le nqubo yokubala isuselwa kwisakhiwo esibalulekile: I-Tride kumele isebenze endaweni yokukhulisa, okungukuthi, yi-IC = βB kumele yaneliseke.Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi inani elijwayelekile le-β liku-oda amahlandla ayi-100, okusho kungabhekwa njengokulingana cishe ne-IC.
3. Inqubo yesixazululo ye-Triode Circuit
Lapho siklama futhi sihlaziya amasephazithi e-transistor, imvamisa silandela lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo: okokuqala cabanga ukuthi i-transistor isebenza esifundeni se-amplication futhi ihlangabezane nemibandela ye-IC = βB ne-iC≈ie;Ngemuva kwalokho banikezela u-Uce (amavolushi phakathi komqoqi kanye ne-emitter) ngokususelwa emiphumeleni yokubala) kunengqondo ukuthola ukuthi ukucatshangelwa kwangaphambilini kuyiqiniso yini.Isibonelo, kucatshangelwa amandla kagesi kulo lonke iCapacitor kungu-10v, singakwazi ukubala u-UCE ukuze abe ngu-5.7v, okunikeza i-RCE inani le-5.7K ohms.Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngokulungisa i-RCE kuya ku-5.7k Ohms, i-transistor ingagcina ukukhishwa kwamanje kwe-capacitor ku-1MA.Ngokufanayo, lapho i-Capacitor Voltage ingu-8v, u-Uce ngu-3.7V noRems ngu-3.7k ohms, ukuze ukuphuma kwe-ohma, ngakho-ke lokho kukhinyayo kusagcinwa e-1MA.
Kodwa-ke, lapho i-capacitor voltage yehla ngaphansi komkhawulo othile, njenge-3V, sizothola ukuthi imiphumela ebaliwe ye-uce iba inani elingelona iqiniso (-1.3V), okusobala okungenangqondo.Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi noma ngabe i-RCE iyehla ku-0 ahms, isimo se-IC = βB asikwazi ukwaneliseka.Ngakho-ke, lapho i-capacitor voltage yehla ngaphansi kwe-4.3V, i-transistor ngeke isasebenza esifundeni se-amplification kodwa faka isifunda sangempela.Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzayo, ukumelana phakathi komqoqi kanye ne-emitter ngeke kuncishiswe ku-0ω, ngakho-ke inani eliphansi le-uce ngokuvamile livame ukwehliswa libe yi-0.2v.Leli nani libizwa nge-voltated voltage voltage drop eces.
4. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-PNP Transistor ku-Constant Music Source Custom Custom
Ehlukile ku-NPN transistors, ukuze usebenzise umjikelezo womthombo wamanje wokushaja, kufanele sisebenzise ama-PNP transistors.Umgomo wokusebenza nokwakheka kwe-PNP Transistor kuhlukile kune-NPN, kepha kudlala indima ebalulekile ekufezeni umjikelezo oqhubekayo wokushaja.Kwi-Pnp Transistor, ukuqondiswa kokugeleza kwamanje kuphambene nalokho kwe-NPN transistor, enikeza ukuguquguquka okukhulu ekwakheni izinhlobo ezahlukene zemibuthano kagesi.